Carl Saab Laboratory

Research

We seek to define traffic patterns between brain networks underlying sensory experiences.

Our research transcends the textbook drawings of static, Cartesian neuroanatomical wiring.

Our research team at Cleveland Clinic and Brown University uses electrophysiological, optogenetic and computational techniques to identify objective biosignatures of pain across species.

As part of a multi-PI collaboration with Brown University, we're building new technologies and platforms that will lead to new insights into network dynamics giving rise to sensory perception in health and disease, as well as more effective treatment and diagnosis of debilitating pain.

Our research program is guided by the scientific premise that sensory and emotional states are governed by neural circuits. Our main goal is to elucidate and map these circuits with unprecedented cellular specificity and temporal resolution, using multidisciplinary research tools such as optogenetics, self-report behavioral paradigms, and high-density (>200 units) neural recordings in vivo across the spine-brain continuum. Basic science discoveries are then translated to biomedical applications in collaboration with healthcare partners, using non-invasive brain imaging and machine learning.

Selected Publications

View publications for Carl Saab, PhD
(Disclaimer: This search is powered by PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. PubMed is a third-party website with no affiliation with Cleveland Clinic.)

1. Djordjevic C, Saab CY. Beyond pain privacy and pain meters: a new vision for pain biomarkers. Front Pain Res (Lausanne). 2024 Oct 3;5:1397645. doi: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1397645. eCollection 2024. PMID: 39420982 
2. Sheikh SR, McKee ZA, Ghosn S, Jeong KS, Kattan M, Burgess RC, Jehi L, Saab CY. Machine learning algorithm for predicting seizure control after temporal lobe resection using peri-ictal electroencephalography. Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 18;14(1):21771. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72249-7. PMID: 39294238
3. Celinskis D, Black CJ, Murphy J, Barrios-Anderson A, Friedman NG, Shaner NC, Saab CY, Gomez-Ramirez M, Borton DA, Moore CI. Toward a brighter constellation: multiorgan neuroimaging of neural and vascular dynamics in the spinal cord and brain. Neurophotonics. 2024 Apr;11(2):024209. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024209. PMID: 38725801
4. Araujo M, Ghosn S, Wang L, Hariadi N, Wells S, Saab CY, Mehra R. Machine learning polysomnographically-derived electroencephalography biomarkers predictive of epworth sleepiness scale. Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 5;13(1):9120. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-34716-5. PMID: 37277423 F
5. Black CJ, Saab CY, Borton DA. Transient gamma events delineate somatosensory modality in S1. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2023 Mar 31:2023.03.30.534945. doi: 10.1101/2023.03.30.534945. PMID: 37034800
6. Valsamis H, Baki SA, Leung J, Ghosn S, Lapin B, Chari G, Rasheed IY, Park J, Punia V, Masri G, Nair D, Kaniecki AM, Edhi M, Saab CY. SARS-CoV-2 alters neural synchronies in the brain with more severe effects in younger individuals. Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 20;13(1):2942. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29856-7. PMID: 36807586
7. Edhi MM, Heijmans L, Vanent KN, Bloye K, Baanante A, Jeong KS, Leung J, Zhu C, Esteller R, Saab CY. Time-dynamic pulse modulation of spinal cord stimulation reduces mechanical hypersensitivity and spontaneous pain in rats. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 23;10(1):20358. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77212-w. PMID: 33230202
8. Chang, Y.W., Tan A., Saab C.Y., Waxman S.G. Unilateral focal burn injury is followed by long-lasting bilateral allodynia and neuronal hyperexcitability in spinal cord dorsal horn. J Pain 11:119-30, 2010 (COVER).
9. LeBlanc B.W., Iwata M., Mallon A.P., Rupasinghe C.N., Goebel D.J., Marshall J., Spaller M.R., Saab C.Y. A Cyclic Peptide Targeted against PSD-95 blocks central sensitization and attenuates thermal hyperalgesia. Neurosci167:490-500, 2010.
10. LeBlanc B.W., Zerah M.L., Kadasi L.M., Noori, C., Saab C.Y. Minocycline injection in the ventral posterolateral thalamus reverses microglial reactivity and thermal hyperalgesia secondary to sciatic neuropathy. Neurosci Lett 498:138-42, 2011.
11. Iwata M., LeBlanc B.W., Kadasi L.M., Zerah M.L., Cosgrove R.G. and Saab C.Y. High-frequency stimulation in the ventral posterolateral thalamus reverses electrophysiological changes and hyperalgesia in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Pain 152:2505-13, 2011.
12. Shields S.D., Cheng X., Gasser A., Saab C.Y., Iwata M., Tyrell L., Eastman E., Zwinger P.J., Black J.A., Dib-Hajj S.D. and Waxman S.G. A channelopathy contributes to cerebellar dysfunction in a model of multiple sclerosis. Annals Neurol 71:186-94, 2012.
13. Saab C.Y. Visualizing the complex dynamics of chronic pain. J Neuroimm Pharm (special issue) 8:510-7, 2013.
14. Saab C.Y. Pain-related changes in the brain: diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. TINS 35:629-37, 2012.
15. Leblanc B.W., Lii T.R., Silverman A.E., Alleyne R.T., Saab C.Y. Cortical Theta is Increased while Thalamocortical Coherence is Decreased in Rat Models of Acute and Chronic Pain. Pain, 155:773-82, 2014 (COVER).
16. Leblanc B.W., Lii T., Huang J.J., Chao Y.C., Bowary P., Cross B., Lee M., Vera-Portocarrero L., Saab C.Y. T-type Calcium Channel Blocker Z944 Restores Cortical Synchrony and Thalamocortical Connectivity in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Pain, 157:255-63, 2016.
17. 10.  LeBlanc B.W., Bowary P.M., Chao Y.C., Lii T.R., Saab C.Y. Electroencephalogram signatures of pain and analgesia in rats. Pain 157:2330-40, 2016.
18. Levitt J., Choo H.J., Smith K.A., LeBlanc B.W., Saab C.Y. Electroencephalographic Frontal Synchrony and Caudal Asynchrony during Painful Hand Immersion in Cold Water. Brain Res Bull 30:75-80, 2016.
19. Saab C.Y., Barrett L.F. Thalamic bursts and the epic pain model. Front Comp Neurosci 10:147, 2017.
20. Flakoll B., Ali A.B., Saab C.Y. Twitching in veterinary procedures: How does this technique subdue horses? J Vet Beh [in press]. Early Career Scientist Award Prize.
21. 14.  LeBlanc B.W., Cross B., Smith K.A., Roach C., Xia J., Chao Y.C., Levitt J., Koyama S., Moore C., Saab C.Y. Thalamic bursts down-regulate cortical theta  and nociceptive behavior. Sci Rep7:2482, 2017.
22. Saab C.Y.,Abdul Baki S.Spatiotemporal Coding in the Brain: Promise of Objective Orofacial Pain Diagnosis. J Leb Dent Assoc52(1):42, 2017 (ISSN 1810-9632).
23. Levitt J, Nitenson A, Koyama S, Heijmans L, Curry J, Ross JT, Kamerling S, Saab CY. Automated Detection of Electroencephalography Artifacts in Human, Rodent and Canine Subjects using Machine Learning. J Neurosci Methods S0165-0270(18)30193-6, 2018.
24. Koyama S, Xia J, Leblanc BW, Gu JW, Saab CY. Sub-paresthesia spinal cord stimulation reverses thermal hyperalgesia and modulates low frequency EEG in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Sci Rep 8;8(1):7181, 2018.
25. Levitt J, Saab CY. What does a pain ‘biomarker’ mean and can a machine be taught to measure pain? Neurosci Let29;702:40-43, 2019.
26. Davis KD, Aghaeepour N, Ahn AH, Angst MS, Borsook D, Brenton A, Burczynski ME, Crean C, Edwards R, Gaudilliere B, Hergenroeder GW, Iadarola MJ, Iyengar S, Jiang Y, Kong JT, Mackey S, Saab CY, Sang CN, Scholz J, Segerdahl M, Tracey I, Veasley C, Wang J, Wager TD, Wasan AD, Pelleymounter MA. Discovery and validation of biomarkers to aid the development of safe and effective pain therapeutics: challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Neurol. 2020 Jul;16(7):381-400. doi: 10.1038/s41582-020-0362-2. Epub 2020 Jun 15. PMID: 32541893 Free PMC article.
27. Black CJ, Allawala AB, Bloye K, Vanent KN, Edhi MM, Saab CY, Borton DA. Automated and rapid self-report of nociception in transgenic mice. Sci Rep. 2020 Aug 6;10(1):13215. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-70028-8. PMID: 32764714 Free PMC article.
28. Edhi MM, Heijmans L, Vanent KN, Bloye K, Baanante A, Jeong KS, Leung J, Zhu C, Esteller R, Saab CY. Time-dynamic pulse modulation of spinal cord stimulation reduces mechanical hypersensitivity and spontaneous pain in rats. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 23;10(1):20358. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77212-w.
29. Levitt J, Edhi MM, Thorpe RV, Leung JW, Michishita M, Koyama S, Yoshikawa S, Scarfo KA, Carayannopoulos AG, Gu W, Srivastava KH, Clark BA, Esteller R, Borton DA, Jones SR, Saab CY. Pain phenotypes classified by machine learning using electroencephalography features. Neuroimage. 2020 Dec;223:117256. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117256. Epub 2020 Aug 29. PMID: 32871260 Free article.